OpenCV图像处理——重映射 remap函数

在《学习OpenCV3,O’Reilly系列丛书》中的第11章常见的图像变换中讲到的“任意映射”,Remap函数。函数cv::remap通常用来纠正校准的立体图像,包括图像变形和图像扭曲。其实这个函数在无人机拍摄延时摄影(使用电子防抖算法)合成视频时也是常用到的函数。主要是处理无人机悬停或者行进中拍摄的照片出现比较大的形变。

remap( )函数解析

remap( )函数会根据我们指定的映射形式,将源图像进行重映射几何变换,基于的式子如下:

 OpenCV图像处理——重映射 remap函数

需要注意,此函数不支持就地(in-place)操作。看看其原型和参数。

void cv::remap(InputArraysrc,
OutputArraydst,
InputArraymap1,
InputArraymap2,
int interpolation,
int borderMode = BORDER_CONSTANT,
const Scalar & borderValue = Scalar() 
)

 Parameters

srcSource image.
dstDestination image. It has the same size as map1 and the same type as src .
map1The first map of either (x,y) points or just x values having the type CV_16SC2 , CV_32FC1, or CV_32FC2. See convertMaps for details on converting a floating point representation to fixed-point for speed.
map2The second map of y values having the type CV_16UC1, CV_32FC1, or none (empty map if map1 is (x,y) points), respectively.
interpolation

插值方式,

Interpolation method (see InterpolationFlags). The method INTER_AREA is not supported by this function.

borderMode

图像边界处理方式

Pixel extrapolation method (see BorderTypes). When borderMode=BORDER_TRANSPARENT, it means that the pixels in the destination image that corresponds to the “outliers” in the source image are not modified by the function.

borderValueValue used in case of a constant border. By default, it is 0.

使用OpenCV-3.4中的samples/cpp/tutorial_code/ImgTrans/Remap_Demo.cpp进行演示。

update_map函数中的参数ind意义:

ind=0表示提取源图像的25%~75%显示,1%~24%和76%~100%填充。

 

ind=1表示关于沿着x轴翻转(上下翻转)

ind=2表示关于沿着Y轴翻转(左右翻转)

 

ind=3表是上下和左右同时翻转。

/**
 * @function Remap_Demo.cpp
 * @brief Demo code for Remap
 * @author Ana Huaman
 */

#include "opencv2/imgcodecs.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui.hpp"
#include "opencv2/imgproc.hpp"
#include <iostream>

using namespace cv;

/// Function Headers
void update_map( int &ind, Mat &map_x, Mat &map_y );

/**
 * @function main
 */
int main(int argc, const char** argv)
{
    CommandLineParser parser(argc, argv, "{@image |chicky_512.png|input image name}");
    std::string filename = parser.get<std::string>(0);
    //! [Load]
    /// Load the image
    Mat src = imread( samples::findFile( filename ), IMREAD_COLOR );
    if (src.empty())
    {
        std::cout << "Cannot read image: " << filename << std::endl;
        return -1;
    }
    //! [Load]

    //! [Create]
    /// Create dst, map_x and map_y with the same size as src:
    Mat dst(src.size(), src.type());
    Mat map_x(src.size(), CV_32FC1);
    Mat map_y(src.size(), CV_32FC1);
    //! [Create]

    //! [Window]
    /// Create window
    const char* remap_window = "Remap demo";
    namedWindow( remap_window, WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );
    //! [Window]

    //! [Loop]
    /// Index to switch between the remap modes
    int ind = 0;
    for(;;)
    {
        /// Update map_x & map_y. Then apply remap
        update_map(ind, map_x, map_y);
        remap( src, dst, map_x, map_y, INTER_LINEAR, BORDER_CONSTANT, Scalar(0, 0, 0) );

        /// Display results
        imshow( remap_window, dst );

        /// Each 1 sec. Press ESC to exit the program
        char c = (char)waitKey( 1000 );
        if( c == 27 )
        {
            break;
        }
    }
    //! [Loop]
    return 0;
}

/**
 * @function update_map
 * @brief Fill the map_x and map_y matrices with 4 types of mappings
 */
//! [Update]

void update_map( int &ind, Mat &map_x, Mat &map_y )
{
    for( int i = 0; i < map_x.rows; i++ )
    {
        for( int j = 0; j < map_x.cols; j++ )
        {
            switch( ind )
            {
            case 0:
                if( j > map_x.cols*0.25 && j < map_x.cols*0.75 && i > map_x.rows*0.25 && i < map_x.rows*0.75 )
                {
                    map_x.at<float>(i, j) = 2*( j - map_x.cols*0.25f ) + 0.5f;
                    map_y.at<float>(i, j) = 2*( i - map_x.rows*0.25f ) + 0.5f;
                }
                else
                {
                    map_x.at<float>(i, j) = 0;
                    map_y.at<float>(i, j) = 0;
                }
                break;
            case 1://行翻转
                map_x.at<float>(i, j) = (float)j;
                map_y.at<float>(i, j) = (float)(map_x.rows - i);
                break;
            case 2: //列翻转
                map_x.at<float>(i, j) = (float)(map_x.cols - j);
                map_y.at<float>(i, j) = (float)i;
                break;
            case 3: //上下左右均翻转
                map_x.at<float>(i, j) = (float)(map_x.cols - j);
                map_y.at<float>(i, j) = (float)(map_x.rows - i);
                break;
            default:
                break;
            } // end of switch
        }
    }
    ind = (ind+1) % 4;
}

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