Python 一步一步教你用pyglet制作可播放音乐的扬声器类

目录

扬声器类

1. 绘制喇叭

本篇将教你用pyglet画一个小喇叭，如上图。这里要用到pyglety库shapes模块中的圆弧Arc和多边形Pylygon画出这个扬声器的图片：

Arc(x, y, radius, segments=None, angle=6.283185307179586, start_angle=0, closed=False, color=(255, 255, 255, 255), batch=None, group=None)

x,y 是圆弧的圆心坐标；radius 是半径；

angle是圆心角的弧度数；

start_angle是圆弧起始的弧度数，以水平线起始时，值为0；

圆弧控件没有表示粗细的参数，只能多画几个同心圆弧来加粗。

Polygon(*coordinates, color=(255, 255, 255, 255), batch=None, group=None)

coordinates是多边形的各个端点的坐标列表，也可以写成元组方式；

多边形控件是填充形状，没有粗细参数也不能只画边线。

代码如下：

import pyglet

window = pyglet.window.Window(800,500)
batch = pyglet.graphics.Batch()

color = (255, 255, 255)
pi = 3.141592653589793
arc = []
x, y = 380, 250
for i in [*range(6),*range(18,24),*range(36,42)]:
    arc.append(pyglet.shapes.Arc(x=x, y=y, radius=50-i/2, angle=pi/2, start_angle=-pi/4, color=color, batch=batch))

coordinates = [x+10, y+8], [x, y+8], [x, y-8], [x+10, y-8], [x+16, y-14], [x+16, y+14]
polygon = pyglet.shapes.Polygon(*coordinates, color=color, batch=batch)


@window.event
def on_draw():
    window.clear()
    batch.draw()

pyglet.app.run()

2. 扬声器类

改写为一个类便于调用，可以画在任意坐标处：

class Speaker:
    def __init__(self, x, y, color=(255, 255, 255)):
        self.arc = []
        pi = 3.141592653589793
        for i in [*range(6),*range(18,24),*range(36,42)]:
                self.arc.append(pyglet.shapes.Arc(x=x, y=y, radius=50-i/2, angle=pi/2, start_angle=-pi/4, color=color, batch=batch))
        coordinates = [x+10, y+8], [x, y+8], [x, y-8], [x+10, y-8], [x+16, y-14], [x+16, y+14]
        self.polygon = pyglet.shapes.Polygon(*coordinates, color=color, batch=batch)

调用代码：

import pyglet

window = pyglet.window.Window(800,500)
batch = pyglet.graphics.Batch()

class Speaker:
    def __init__(self, x, y, color=(255, 255, 255)):
        self.arc = []
        pi = 3.141592653589793
        for i in [*range(6),*range(18,24),*range(36,42)]:
            self.arc.append(pyglet.shapes.Arc(x=x, y=y, radius=50-i/2, angle=pi/2, start_angle=-pi/4, color=color, batch=batch))
        coordinates = [x+10, y+8], [x, y+8], [x, y-8], [x+10, y-8], [x+16, y-14], [x+16, y+14]
        self.polygon = pyglet.shapes.Polygon(*coordinates, color=color, batch=batch)

@window.event
def on_draw():
    window.clear()
    batch.draw()

speaker1 = Speaker(380, 250)
speaker2 = Speaker(600, 360)
pyglet.app.run()

运行效果：

3. 禁音状态 

再加两条红色直线表示禁音状态，shapes.Line用法：

Line(x, y, x2, y2, width=1, color=(255, 255, 255, 255), batch=None, group=None)

x,y, x2,y2 为直线两端点的坐标；

width为直线粗细，缺省默认值为1，直线控件有粗细的。

代码如下：

import pyglet

window = pyglet.window.Window(800,500)
batch = pyglet.graphics.Batch()

class Speaker:
    def __init__(self, x, y, color=(255, 255, 255)):
        self.arc = []
        pi = 3.141592653589793
        for i in [*range(6),*range(18,24),*range(36,42)]:
            self.arc.append(pyglet.shapes.Arc(x=x, y=y, radius=50-i/2, angle=pi/2, start_angle=-pi/4, color=color, batch=batch))
        coordinates = [x+10, y+8], [x, y+8], [x, y-8], [x+10, y-8], [x+16, y-14], [x+16, y+14]
        self.polygon = pyglet.shapes.Polygon(*coordinates, color=color, batch=batch)
        self.line1 = pyglet.shapes.Line(x, y-24, x+48, y+24, width=3, color=(255, 0, 0), batch=batch)
        self.line2 = pyglet.shapes.Line(x, y+24, x+48, y-24, width=3, color=(255, 0, 0), batch=batch)

@window.event
def on_draw():
    window.clear()
    batch.draw()

speaker1 = Speaker(380, 250)
speaker2 = Speaker(600, 360)
pyglet.app.run()

运行效果：

4. 设置状态

再为Speaker类增加两个属性和一个方法，用于设置状态：

        self.line1.visible = Flase
        self.line2.visible = Flase

    def enabled(self, enabled=True):
        self.line1.visible = self.line2.visible = not enabled

调用代码：

import pyglet
 
window = pyglet.window.Window(800,500)
batch = pyglet.graphics.Batch()

class Speaker:
    def __init__(self, x, y, color=(255, 255, 255)):
        self.arc = []
        pi = 3.141592653589793
        for i in [*range(6),*range(18,24),*range(36,42)]:
            self.arc.append(pyglet.shapes.Arc(x=x, y=y, radius=50-i/2, angle=pi/2, start_angle=-pi/4, color=color, batch=batch))
        coordinates = [x+10, y+8], [x, y+8], [x, y-8], [x+10, y-8], [x+16, y-14], [x+16, y+14]
        self.polygon = pyglet.shapes.Polygon(*coordinates, color=color, batch=batch)
        self.line1 = pyglet.shapes.Line(x, y-24, x+48, y+24, width=3, color=(255, 0, 0), batch=batch)
        self.line2 = pyglet.shapes.Line(x, y+24, x+48, y-24, width=3, color=(255, 0, 0), batch=batch)
        self.line1.visible = self.line2.visible = False
    def set_enabled(self, enabled=True):
        self.line1.visible = self.line2.visible = not enabled
 
@window.event
def on_draw():
    window.clear()
    batch.draw()
 
speaker1 = Speaker(380, 250)
speaker2 = Speaker(600, 360)
speaker2.set_enabled(False)

pyglet.app.run()

运行效果：

5. 切换状态

继续增加鼠标点击切换状态的功能，增加属性和方法：

属性：

        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        self.enabled = True

方法：
    def set_enabled(self, enabled=True):
        self.enabled = enabled
        self.line1.visible = self.line2.visible = not enabled
    def on_mouse_over(self, x, y):
        return self.x <= x <= self.x+50 and self.y-35 <= y <= self.y+35

增加鼠标点击事件：

@window.event
def on_mouse_press(x, y, button, modifier):
    if speaker1.on_mouse_over(x,y):
        speaker1.enabled = not speaker1.enabled
        speaker1.set_enabled(speaker1.enabled)
    if speaker2.on_mouse_over(x,y):
        speaker2.enabled = not speaker2.enabled
        speaker2.set_enabled(speaker2.enabled)

运行效果：分别点击两个图标，就能各自切换状态

6. 播放音乐

使用 media 模块调入mp3音乐，配合Speaker类播放

media = pyglet.media.load(‘voice1.mp3’)
sound = pyglet.media.Player()
sound.queue(media)
sound.loop = True
sound.play()

鼠标事件中增加音乐播放和暂停的代码：

@window.event
def on_mouse_press(x, y, button, modifier):
    if speaker.on_mouse_over(x,y):
        speaker.enabled = not speaker.enabled
        speaker.set_enabled(speaker.enabled)
        if speaker.enabled:
            sound.play()
        else:
            sound.pause() 

完整代码：

import pyglet

window = pyglet.window.Window(800,500)
batch = pyglet.graphics.Batch()

class Speaker:
    def __init__(self, x, y, color=(255, 255, 255)):
        self.arc = []
        pi = 3.141592653589793
        for i in [*range(6),*range(18,24),*range(36,42)]:
            self.arc.append(pyglet.shapes.Arc(x=x, y=y, radius=50-i/2, angle=pi/2, start_angle=-pi/4, color=color, batch=batch))
        coordinates = [x+10, y+8], [x, y+8], [x, y-8], [x+10, y-8], [x+16, y-14], [x+16, y+14]
        self.polygon = pyglet.shapes.Polygon(*coordinates, color=color, batch=batch)
        self.line1 = pyglet.shapes.Line(x, y-24, x+48, y+24, width=3, color=(255, 0, 0), batch=batch)
        self.line2 = pyglet.shapes.Line(x, y+24, x+48, y-24, width=3, color=(255, 0, 0), batch=batch)
        self.line1.visible = self.line2.visible = False
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        self.enabled = True
    def set_enabled(self, enabled=True):
        self.enabled = enabled
        self.line1.visible = self.line2.visible = not enabled
    def on_mouse_over(self, x, y):
        return self.x <= x <= self.x+50 and self.y-35 <= y <= self.y+35

@window.event
def on_draw():
    window.clear()
    batch.draw()

@window.event
def on_mouse_press(x, y, button, modifier):
    if speaker.on_mouse_over(x,y):
        speaker.enabled = not speaker.enabled
        speaker.set_enabled(speaker.enabled)
        if speaker.enabled:
            sound.play()
        else:
            sound.pause()

speaker = Speaker(720, 450)

media = pyglet.media.load('voice1.mp3')
sound = pyglet.media.Player()
sound.queue(media)
sound.loop = True
sound.play()

pyglet.app.run()

运行代码后，就能播放音乐了，点击扬声器图标可以切换音乐的播放和暂停状态。

完