首先我们应该了解SM2加密的主要用途：数字签名、密钥交换和公钥加密等应用。以下为SM2加密的简单原理：
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密钥生成：首先，生成一对公钥和私钥。公钥用于加密和验证签名，私钥用于解密和生成签名。
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加密过程：
- 随机选择一个临时的非零整数k，计算椭圆曲线点C = k * G，其中G是曲线上的基点。
- 将明文数据转换为椭圆曲线上的点M。
- 计算椭圆曲线点C1 = k * G。
- 计算椭圆曲线点S = (h + x) * C1，其中h是哈希值，x是私钥。
- 将明文数据与S进行异或运算，得到密文C2。
- 将C1和C2组合在一起作为最终的加密结果。
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解密过程：
- 使用私钥x计算椭圆曲线点C1′ = x * C1。
- 从C1’中提取出明文数据M’。
- 将M’与密文C2进行异或运算，得到原始的明文数据。
我们要了解对于同一个公钥和同一个数据，多次加密的密文是不相同的！！！
import cn.hutool.json.JSONObject; import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON; import org.bouncycastle.asn1.gm.GMNamedCurves; import org.bouncycastle.asn1.x9.X9ECParameters; import org.bouncycastle.crypto.CipherParameters; import org.bouncycastle.crypto.engines.SM2Engine; import org.bouncycastle.crypto.params.ECDomainParameters; import org.bouncycastle.crypto.params.ECPrivateKeyParameters; import org.bouncycastle.crypto.params.ECPublicKeyParameters; import org.bouncycastle.crypto.params.ParametersWithRandom; import org.bouncycastle.crypto.signers.SM2Signer; import org.bouncycastle.jcajce.provider.asymmetric.ec.BCECPrivateKey; import org.bouncycastle.jcajce.provider.asymmetric.ec.BCECPublicKey; import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider; import org.bouncycastle.jce.spec.ECParameterSpec; import org.bouncycastle.jce.spec.ECPrivateKeySpec; import org.bouncycastle.math.ec.ECPoint; import org.bouncycastle.util.encoders.Hex; import java.math.BigInteger; import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets; import java.security.*; import java.security.spec.ECGenParameterSpec; import java.util.Base64; /** * SM2工具类 * @author van */ public class SM2Util { /** * 生成 SM2 公私钥对 * * @return * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException * @throws InvalidAlgorithmParameterException */ public static KeyPair geneSM2KeyPair() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidAlgorithmParameterException { final ECGenParameterSpec sm2Spec = new ECGenParameterSpec("sm2p256v1"); // 获取一个椭圆曲线类型的密钥对生成器 final KeyPairGenerator kpg = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("EC", new BouncyCastleProvider()); // 产生随机数 SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom(); // 使用SM2参数初始化生成器 kpg.initialize(sm2Spec, secureRandom); // 获取密钥对 KeyPair keyPair = kpg.generateKeyPair(); return keyPair; } /** * 生产hex秘钥对 */ public static void geneSM2HexKeyPair(){ try { KeyPair keyPair = geneSM2KeyPair(); PrivateKey privateKey = keyPair.getPrivate(); PublicKey publicKey = keyPair.getPublic(); System.out.println("======== EC X Y keyPair ========"); System.out.println(privateKey); System.out.println(publicKey); System.out.println("======== hex keyPair ========"); System.out.println("hex priKey: " + getPriKeyHexString(privateKey)); System.out.println("hex pubKey: " + getPubKeyHexString(publicKey)); System.out.println("======== base64 keyPair ========"); System.out.println("base64 priKey: " + new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(privateKey.getEncoded()))); System.out.println("base64 pubKey: " + new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(publicKey.getEncoded()))); System.out.println("======== generate finished ========"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 获取私钥（16进制字符串，头部不带00长度共64） * * @param privateKey 私钥PrivateKey型 * @return */ public static String getPriKeyHexString(PrivateKey privateKey) { // OK // BCECPrivateKey s=(BCECPrivateKey)privateKey; // String priKeyHexString = Hex.toHexString(s.getD().toByteArray()); // if(null!= priKeyHexString && priKeyHexString.length()==66 && "00".equals(priKeyHexString.substring(0,2))){ // return priKeyHexString.substring(2); // } // OK BCECPrivateKey key = (BCECPrivateKey) privateKey; BigInteger intPrivateKey = key.getD(); String priKeyHexString = intPrivateKey.toString(16); return priKeyHexString; } /** * 获取私钥 base64字符串 * * @param privateKey 私钥PrivateKey型 * @return */ public static String getPriKeyBase64String(PrivateKey privateKey) { return new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(privateKey.getEncoded())); } /** * 获取公钥（16进制字符串，头部带04长度共130） * * @param publicKey 公钥PublicKey型 * @return */ public static String getPubKeyHexString(PublicKey publicKey) { BCECPublicKey key = (BCECPublicKey) publicKey; return Hex.toHexString(key.getQ().getEncoded(false)); } /** * 获取公钥 base64字符串 * * @param publicKey 公钥PublicKey型 * @return */ public static String getPubKeyBase64String(PublicKey publicKey) { return new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(publicKey.getEncoded())); } /** * SM2加密算法 * * @param publicKey 公钥 * @param data 明文数据 * @return */ public static String encrypt(String data, PublicKey publicKey) { return encrypt(data.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), publicKey); } public static String encrypt(byte[] data, PublicKey publicKey) { BCECPublicKey key = (BCECPublicKey) publicKey; return encrypt(data, Hex.toHexString(key.getQ().getEncoded(false))); } public static String encrypt(String data, String pubKeyHexString) { return encrypt(data.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), pubKeyHexString); } /** * SM2加密算法 * * @param pubKeyHexString 公钥（16进制字符串） * @param data 明文数据 * @return hex字符串 */ public static String encrypt(byte[] data, String pubKeyHexString) { // 获取一条SM2曲线参数 X9ECParameters sm2ECParameters = GMNamedCurves.getByName("sm2p256v1"); // 构造ECC算法参数，曲线方程、椭圆曲线G点、大整数N ECDomainParameters domainParameters = new ECDomainParameters(sm2ECParameters.getCurve(), sm2ECParameters.getG(), sm2ECParameters.getN()); //提取公钥点 ECPoint pukPoint = sm2ECParameters.getCurve().decodePoint(Hex.decode(pubKeyHexString)); // 公钥前面的02或者03表示是压缩公钥，04表示未压缩公钥, 04的时候，可以去掉前面的04 ECPublicKeyParameters publicKeyParameters = new ECPublicKeyParameters(pukPoint, domainParameters); SM2Engine sm2Engine = new SM2Engine(SM2Engine.Mode.C1C3C2); // 设置sm2为加密模式 sm2Engine.init(true, new ParametersWithRandom(publicKeyParameters, new SecureRandom())); byte[] arrayOfBytes = null; try { arrayOfBytes = sm2Engine.processBlock(data, 0, data.length); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("SM2加密时出现异常:" + e.getMessage()); } return Hex.toHexString(arrayOfBytes); } /** * SM2解密算法 * @param cipherData hex格式密文 * @param privateKey 密钥PrivateKey型 * @return 明文 */ public static String decrypt(String cipherData, PrivateKey privateKey) { return decrypt(Hex.decode(cipherData), privateKey); } public static String decrypt(byte[] cipherData, PrivateKey privateKey) { BCECPrivateKey key = (BCECPrivateKey) privateKey; return decrypt(cipherData, Hex.toHexString(key.getD().toByteArray())); } public static String decrypt(String cipherData, String priKeyHexString) { // 使用BC库加解密时密文以04开头，传入的密文前面没有04则补上 if (!cipherData.startsWith("04")) { cipherData = "04" + cipherData; } return decrypt(Hex.decode(cipherData), priKeyHexString); } /** * SM2解密算法 * * @param cipherData 密文数据 * @param priKeyHexString 私钥（16进制字符串） * @return */ public static String decrypt(byte[] cipherData, String priKeyHexString) { //获取一条SM2曲线参数 X9ECParameters sm2ECParameters = GMNamedCurves.getByName("sm2p256v1"); //构造domain参数 ECDomainParameters domainParameters = new ECDomainParameters(sm2ECParameters.getCurve(), sm2ECParameters.getG(), sm2ECParameters.getN()); BigInteger privateKeyD = new BigInteger(priKeyHexString, 16); ECPrivateKeyParameters privateKeyParameters = new ECPrivateKeyParameters(privateKeyD, domainParameters); SM2Engine sm2Engine = new SM2Engine(SM2Engine.Mode.C1C3C2); // 设置sm2为解密模式 sm2Engine.init(false, privateKeyParameters); String result = ""; try { byte[] arrayOfBytes = sm2Engine.processBlock(cipherData, 0, cipherData.length); return new String(arrayOfBytes); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("SM2解密时出现异常:" + e.getMessage()); } return result; } /** * @param data * @param priKeyHexString hex私钥，长度64 * @return hex格式签名值 * @throws Exception */ public static String sign(String data, String priKeyHexString) throws Exception { return sign(data.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), priKeyHexString); } /** * 签名 * @param data 原始数据，字节数组 * @param priKeyHexString hex私钥，64长度 * @return Hex字符串 * @throws Exception */ public static String sign(byte[] data, String priKeyHexString) throws Exception { String signValue = null; SM2Signer signer = new SM2Signer(); X9ECParameters sm2ECParameters = GMNamedCurves.getByName("sm2p256v1"); //构造domain参数 ECDomainParameters domainParameters = new ECDomainParameters(sm2ECParameters.getCurve(), sm2ECParameters.getG(), sm2ECParameters.getN()); CipherParameters param = new ParametersWithRandom(new ECPrivateKeyParameters(new BigInteger(priKeyHexString, 16), domainParameters)); signer.init(true, param); signer.update(data, 0, data.length); signValue = Hex.toHexString(signer.generateSignature()); return signValue; } /** * 验签 * @param data 原始数据 * @param signValue 原始签名值(hex型) * @param publicKeyHexString hex130长度公钥 * @return ture or false * @throws Exception */ public static boolean verify(String data, String signValue, String publicKeyHexString) throws Exception { return verify(data.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), Hex.decode(signValue), publicKeyHexString); } /** * 验签 * @param data 原始数据字节数组 * @param sign 字节数组() * @param publicKeyHexString hex130长度公钥 * @return true or false * @throws Exception */ public static boolean verify(byte[] data, byte[] sign, String publicKeyHexString) throws Exception { SM2Signer signer = new SM2Signer(); X9ECParameters sm2ECParameters = GMNamedCurves.getByName("sm2p256v1"); //构造domain参数 ECDomainParameters domainParameters = new ECDomainParameters(sm2ECParameters.getCurve(), sm2ECParameters.getG(), sm2ECParameters.getN()); if (publicKeyHexString.length() == 128) { publicKeyHexString = "04" + publicKeyHexString; } ECPoint ecPoint = sm2ECParameters.getCurve().decodePoint(Hex.decode(publicKeyHexString)); CipherParameters param = new ECPublicKeyParameters(ecPoint, domainParameters); signer.init(false, param); signer.update(data, 0, data.length); return signer.verifySignature(sign); } /** * 私钥生成公钥 * @param priKeyHexString 私钥Hex格式，必须64位 * @return 公钥Hex格式，04开头，130位 * @throws Exception 例如： * 04181db7fe400641115c0dec08e23d8ddb94c5999f2fb6efd03030780142e077a63eb4d47947ef5baee7f40fec2c29181d2a714d9c6cba87b582f252a4e3e9a9f8 * 11d0a44d47449d48d614f753ded6b06af76033b9c3a2af2b8b2239374ccbce3a */ public static String getPubKeyByPriKey(String priKeyHexString) throws Exception { if (priKeyHexString == null || priKeyHexString.length() != 64) { System.err.println("priKey 必须是Hex 64位格式，例如：11d0a44d47449d48d614f753ded6b06af76033b9c3a2af2b8b2239374ccbce3a"); return ""; } String pubKeyHexString = null; X9ECParameters sm2ECParameters = GMNamedCurves.getByName("sm2p256v1"); //构造domain参数 BigInteger privateKeyD = new BigInteger(priKeyHexString, 16); ECParameterSpec ecParameterSpec = new ECParameterSpec(sm2ECParameters.getCurve(), sm2ECParameters.getG(), sm2ECParameters.getN()); ECPrivateKeySpec ecPrivateKeySpec = new ECPrivateKeySpec(privateKeyD, ecParameterSpec); PrivateKey privateKey = null; privateKey = KeyFactory.getInstance("EC", new BouncyCastleProvider()).generatePrivate(ecPrivateKeySpec); // 临时解决办法 String pointString = privateKey.toString(); // System.out.println(pointString); String pointString_X = pointString.substring(pointString.indexOf("X: ") + "X: ".length(), pointString.indexOf("Y: ")).trim(); String pointString_Y = pointString.substring(pointString.indexOf("Y: ") + "Y: ".length()).trim(); // System.out.println(pointString_X); // System.out.println(pointString_Y); pubKeyHexString = "04" + pointString_X + pointString_Y; return pubKeyHexString; } // 将字符串转换为十六进制字符串 public static String stringToHex(String str) { StringBuilder hexString = new StringBuilder(); for (char ch : str.toCharArray()) { hexString.append(Integer.toHexString((int) ch)); } return hexString.toString(); } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { System.out.println("====== sm2utils test ======"); JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(); jsonObject.put("username","jsdxzx"); jsonObject.put("password","1"); jsonObject.put("clientId","jsdxzx"); jsonObject.put("grantType","password_credentials"); jsonObject.put("passwordEncode",true); String jsonString = JSON.toJSONString(jsonObject); String M = jsonString; System.out.println("mingwen\t" + M); System.out.println("begin 开始生成密钥对>>>"); KeyPair keyPair = geneSM2KeyPair(); PublicKey publicKey = keyPair.getPublic(); String pubKeyHexString = getPubKeyHexString(publicKey); System.out.println("publicKey\t" + pubKeyHexString); PrivateKey privateKey = keyPair.getPrivate(); String priKeyHexString = getPriKeyHexString(privateKey); System.out.println("privateKey\t" + priKeyHexString); System.out.println("end 结束生成密钥对>>>"); priKeyHexString="4f0341e5977b175e0ec0e1fdefd2799b13dd25c51716133ef42ba76c0edd973d"; //1 pubKeyHexString="04e523210b3407464839723558e0d82765b9e2cac9491bd86c99c89b9fc43fbe9a94395ee3138dbc4ae43daa8fe01fd512de8568102e34c66989eb2b306611b518"; //1 System.out.println("publicKey\t" + pubKeyHexString); String cipherData = encrypt(M, pubKeyHexString); System.out.println("miwen\t" + cipherData); String text = decrypt(cipherData, priKeyHexString); System.out.println("jiemi\t" + text); String sign = sign(M, priKeyHexString); System.out.println("signvalue\t" + sign); sign="304402204bbd4b026f58f1e072c2ab1f736a730ed5c2f6773ef4855df5e87f9ea54f14be02205e9b6146b5273e6f37fe6d9d8f059bc46f7042a10da224130a4e0ba8619d967c"; boolean verifyResult = verify(M, sign, pubKeyHexString); System.out.println("verifyResult\t" + verifyResult); } }
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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_49582251/article/details/134672218
