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目录
一.什么是python
Python由荷兰数学和计算机科学研究学会的吉多·范罗苏姆于1990年代初设计，作为一门叫做ABC语言的替代品。 Python提供了高效的高级数据结构，还能简单有效地面向对象编程。Python语法和动态类型，以及解释型语言的本质，使它成为多数平台上写脚本和快速开发应用的编程语言， [ 随着版本的不断更新和语言新功能的添加，逐渐被用于独立的、大型项目的开发。
Python解释器易于扩展，可以使用C语言或C++（或者其他可以通过C调用的语言）扩展新的功能和数据类型。Python也可用于可定制化软件中的扩展程序语言。Python丰富的标准库，提供了适用于各个主要系统平台的源码或机器码
二.游戏代码效果呈现
三.游戏主代码
'''
'''
import os
import sys
import random
from modules import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
'''定义俄罗斯方块游戏类'''
class TetrisGame(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(TetrisGame, self).__init__(parent)
# 是否暂停ing
self.is_paused = False
# 是否开始ing
self.is_started = False
self.initUI()
'''界面初始化'''
def initUI(self):
# icon
self.setWindowIcon(QIcon(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), 'resources/icon.jpg')))
# 块大小
self.grid_size = 22
# 游戏帧率
self.fps = 200
self.timer = QBasicTimer()
# 焦点
self.setFocusPolicy(Qt.StrongFocus)
# 水平布局
layout_horizontal = QHBoxLayout()
self.inner_board = InnerBoard()
self.external_board = ExternalBoard(self, self.grid_size, self.inner_board)
layout_horizontal.addWidget(self.external_board)
self.side_panel = SidePanel(self, self.grid_size, self.inner_board)
layout_horizontal.addWidget(self.side_panel)
self.status_bar = self.statusBar()
self.external_board.score_signal[str].connect(self.status_bar.showMessage)
self.start()
self.center()
self.setWindowTitle('俄罗斯方块儿 —— 源码基地：959755565')
self.show()
self.setFixedSize(self.external_board.width() + self.side_panel.width(), self.side_panel.height() + self.status_bar.height())
'''游戏界面移动到屏幕中间'''
def center(self):
screen = QDesktopWidget().screenGeometry()
size = self.geometry()
self.move((screen.width() – size.width()) // 2, (screen.height() – size.height()) // 2)
'''更新界面'''
def updateWindow(self):
self.external_board.updateData()
self.side_panel.updateData()
self.update()
'''开始'''
def start(self):
if self.is_started:
return
self.is_started = True
self.inner_board.createNewTetris()
self.timer.start(self.fps, self)
'''暂停/不暂停'''
def pause(self):
if not self.is_started:
return
self.is_paused = not self.is_paused
if self.is_paused:
self.timer.stop()
self.external_board.score_signal.emit('Paused')
else:
self.timer.start(self.fps, self)
self.updateWindow()
'''计时器事件'''
def timerEvent(self, event):
if event.timerId() == self.timer.timerId():
removed_lines = self.inner_board.moveDown()
self.external_board.score += removed_lines
self.updateWindow()
else:
super(TetrisGame, self).timerEvent(event)
'''按键事件'''
def keyPressEvent(self, event):
if not self.is_started or self.inner_board.current_tetris == tetrisShape().shape_empty:
super(TetrisGame, self).keyPressEvent(event)
return
key = event.key()
# P键暂停
if key == Qt.Key_P:
self.pause()
return
if self.is_paused:
return
# 向左
elif key == Qt.Key_Left:
self.inner_board.moveLeft()
# 向右
elif key == Qt.Key_Right:
self.inner_board.moveRight()
# 旋转
elif key == Qt.Key_Up:
self.inner_board.rotateAnticlockwise()
# 快速坠落
elif key == Qt.Key_Space:
self.external_board.score += self.inner_board.dropDown()
else:
super(TetrisGame, self).keyPressEvent(event)
self.updateWindow()
'''run'''
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication([])
tetris = TetrisGame()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
三.游戏主代码二
1.shapes
'''
Function:
定义俄罗斯方块的形状
'''
'''定义一个俄罗斯方块的形状'''
class tetrisShape():
def __init__(self, shape=0):
# 空块
self.shape_empty = 0
# 一字型块
self.shape_I = 1
# L型块
self.shape_L = 2
# 向左的L型块
self.shape_J = 3
# T型块
self.shape_T = 4
# 田字型块
self.shape_O = 5
# 反向Z型块
self.shape_S = 6
# Z型块
self.shape_Z = 7
# 每种块包含的四个小方块相对坐标分布
self.shapes_relative_coords = [
[[0, 0], [0, 0], [0, 0], [0, 0]],
[[0, -1], [0, 0], [0, 1], [0, 2]],
[[0, -1], [0, 0], [0, 1], [1, 1]],
[[0, -1], [0, 0], [0, 1], [-1, 1]],
[[0, -1], [0, 0], [0, 1], [1, 0]],
[[0, 0], [0, -1], [1, 0], [1, -1]],
[[0, 0], [0, -1], [-1, 0], [1, -1]],
[[0, 0], [0, -1], [1, 0], [-1, -1]]
]
self.shape = shape
self.relative_coords = self.shapes_relative_coords[self.shape]
'''获得该形状当前旋转状态的四个小方块的相对坐标分布'''
def getRotatedRelativeCoords(self, direction):
# 初始分布
if direction == 0 or self.shape == self.shape_O:
return self.relative_coords
# 逆时针旋转90度
if direction == 1:
return [[-y, x] for x, y in self.relative_coords]
# 逆时针旋转180度
if direction == 2:
if self.shape in [self.shape_I, self.shape_Z, self.shape_S]:
return self.relative_coords
else:
return [[-x, -y] for x, y in self.relative_coords]
# 逆时针旋转270度
if direction == 3:
if self.shape in [self.shape_I, self.shape_Z, self.shape_S]:
return [[-y, x] for x, y in self.relative_coords]
else:
return [[y, -x] for x, y in self.relative_coords]
'''获得该俄罗斯方块的各个小块绝对坐标'''
def getAbsoluteCoords(self, direction, x, y):
return [[x + i, y + j] for i, j in self.getRotatedRelativeCoords(direction)]
'''获得相对坐标的边界'''
def getRelativeBoundary(self, direction):
relative_coords_now = self.getRotatedRelativeCoords(direction)
xs = [i[0] for i in relative_coords_now]
ys = [i[1] for i in relative_coords_now]
return min(xs), max(xs), min(ys), max(ys)
2.misc
'''
Function:
其他工具函数
'''
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
'''给板块的一个Cell填色'''
def drawCell(painter, x, y, shape, grid_size):
colors = [0x000000, 0xCC6666, 0x66CC66, 0x6666CC, 0xCCCC66, 0xCC66CC, 0x66CCCC, 0xDAAA00]
if shape == 0:
return
color = QColor(colors[shape])
painter.fillRect(x + 1, y + 1, grid_size – 2, grid_size – 2, color)
painter.setPen(color.lighter())
painter.drawLine(x, y + grid_size – 1, x, y)
painter.drawLine(x, y, x + grid_size – 1, y)
painter.setPen(color.darker())
painter.drawLine(x + 1, y + grid_size – 1, x + grid_size – 1, y + grid_size – 1)
painter.drawLine(x + grid_size – 1, y + grid_size – 1, x + grid_size – 1, y + 1)
3.gameboard
'''
Function:
'''
import random
from .misc import *
from .shapes import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QFrame
'''内部板块'''
class InnerBoard():
def __init__(self, width=10, height=22):
# 宽和长, 单位长度为小方块边长
self.width = width
self.height = height
self.reset()
'''判断当前俄罗斯方块是否可以移动到某位置'''
def ableMove(self, coord, direction=None):
assert len(coord) == 2
if direction is None:
direction = self.current_direction
for x, y in self.current_tetris.getAbsoluteCoords(direction, coord[0], coord[1]):
# 超出边界
if x >= self.width or x < 0 or y >= self.height or y < 0:
return False
# 该位置有俄罗斯方块了
if self.getCoordValue([x, y]) > 0:
return False
return True
'''向右移动'''
def moveRight(self):
if self.ableMove([self.current_coord[0] + 1, self.current_coord[1]]):
self.current_coord[0] += 1
'''向左移动'''
def moveLeft(self):
if self.ableMove([self.current_coord[0] - 1, self.current_coord[1]]):
self.current_coord[0] -= 1
'''顺时针转'''
def rotateClockwise(self):
if self.ableMove(self.current_coord, (self.current_direction - 1) % 4):
self.current_direction = (self.current_direction-1) % 4
'''逆时针转'''
def rotateAnticlockwise(self):
if self.ableMove(self.current_coord, (self.current_direction + 1) % 4):
self.current_direction = (self.current_direction+1) % 4
'''向下移动'''
def moveDown(self):
removed_lines = 0
if self.ableMove([self.current_coord[0], self.current_coord[1] + 1]):
self.current_coord[1] += 1
else:
x_min, x_max, y_min, y_max = self.current_tetris.getRelativeBoundary(self.current_direction)
# 简单起见, 有超出屏幕就判定游戏结束
if self.current_coord[1] + y_min < 0:
self.is_gameover = True
return removed_lines
self.mergeTetris()
removed_lines = self.removeFullLines()
self.createNewTetris()
return removed_lines
'''坠落'''
def dropDown(self):
removed_lines = 0
while self.ableMove([self.current_coord[0], self.current_coord[1] + 1]):
self.current_coord[1] += 1
x_min, x_max, y_min, y_max = self.current_tetris.getRelativeBoundary(self.current_direction)
# 简单起见, 有超出屏幕就判定游戏结束
if self.current_coord[1] + y_min < 0:
self.is_gameover = True
return removed_lines
self.mergeTetris()
removed_lines = self.removeFullLines()
self.createNewTetris()
return removed_lines
'''合并俄罗斯方块(最下面定型不能再动的那些)'''
def mergeTetris(self):
for x, y in self.current_tetris.getAbsoluteCoords(self.current_direction, self.current_coord[0], self.current_coord[1]):
self.board_data[x + y * self.width] = self.current_tetris.shape
self.current_coord = [-1, -1]
self.current_direction = 0
self.current_tetris = tetrisShape()
'''移出整行都有小方块的'''
def removeFullLines(self):
new_board_data = [0] * self.width * self.height
new_y = self.height - 1
removed_lines = 0
for y in range(self.height - 1, -1, -1):
cell_count = sum([1 if self.board_data[x + y * self.width] > 0 else 0 for x in range(self.width)])
if cell_count < self.width:
for x in range(self.width):
new_board_data[x + new_y * self.width] = self.board_data[x + y * self.width]
new_y -= 1
else:
removed_lines += 1
self.board_data = new_board_data
return removed_lines
'''创建新的俄罗斯方块(即将next_tetris变为current_tetris)'''
def createNewTetris(self):
x_min, x_max, y_min, y_max = self.next_tetris.getRelativeBoundary(0)
# y_min肯定是-1
if self.ableMove([self.init_x, -y_min]):
self.current_coord = [self.init_x, -y_min]
self.current_tetris = self.next_tetris
self.next_tetris = self.getNextTetris()
else:
self.is_gameover = True
self.shape_statistics[self.current_tetris.shape] += 1
'''获得下个俄罗斯方块'''
def getNextTetris(self):
return tetrisShape(random.randint(1, 7))
'''获得板块数据'''
def getBoardData(self):
return self.board_data
'''获得板块数据上某坐标的值'''
def getCoordValue(self, coord):
return self.board_data[coord[0] + coord[1] * self.width]
'''获得俄罗斯方块各个小块的绝对坐标'''
def getCurrentTetrisCoords(self):
return self.current_tetris.getAbsoluteCoords(self.current_direction, self.current_coord[0], self.current_coord[1])
'''重置'''
def reset(self):
# 记录板块数据
self.board_data = [0] * self.width * self.height
# 当前俄罗斯方块的旋转状态
self.current_direction = 0
# 当前俄罗斯方块的坐标, 单位长度为小方块边长
self.current_coord = [-1, -1]
# 下一个俄罗斯方块
self.next_tetris = self.getNextTetris()
# 当前俄罗斯方块
self.current_tetris = tetrisShape()
# 游戏是否结束
self.is_gameover = False
# 俄罗斯方块的初始x位置
self.init_x = self.width // 2
# 形状数量统计
self.shape_statistics = [0] * 8
'''外部板块'''
class ExternalBoard(QFrame):
score_signal = pyqtSignal(str)
def __init__(self, parent, grid_size, inner_board):
super(ExternalBoard, self).__init__(parent)
self.grid_size = grid_size
self.inner_board = inner_board
self.setFixedSize(grid_size * inner_board.width, grid_size * inner_board.height)
self.initExternalBoard()
'''外部板块初始化'''
def initExternalBoard(self):
self.score = 0
'''把内部板块结构画出来'''
def paintEvent(self, event):
painter = QPainter(self)
for x in range(self.inner_board.width):
for y in range(self.inner_board.height):
shape = self.inner_board.getCoordValue([x, y])
drawCell(painter, x * self.grid_size, y * self.grid_size, shape, self.grid_size)
for x, y in self.inner_board.getCurrentTetrisCoords():
shape = self.inner_board.current_tetris.shape
drawCell(painter, x * self.grid_size, y * self.grid_size, shape, self.grid_size)
painter.setPen(QColor(0x777777))
painter.drawLine(0, self.height() - 1, self.width(), self.height() - 1)
painter.drawLine(self.width() - 1, 0, self.width() - 1, self.height())
painter.setPen(QColor(0xCCCCCC))
painter.drawLine(self.width(), 0, self.width(), self.height())
painter.drawLine(0, self.height(), self.width(), self.height())
'''数据更新'''
def updateData(self):
self.score_signal.emit(str(self.score))
self.update()
'''侧面板, 右边显示下一个俄罗斯方块的形状'''
class SidePanel(QFrame):
def __init__(self, parent, grid_size, inner_board):
super(SidePanel, self).__init__(parent)
self.grid_size = grid_size
self.inner_board = inner_board
self.setFixedSize(grid_size * 5, grid_size * inner_board.height)
self.move(grid_size * inner_board.width, 0)
'''画侧面板'''
def paintEvent(self, event):
painter = QPainter(self)
x_min, x_max, y_min, y_max = self.inner_board.next_tetris.getRelativeBoundary(0)
dy = 3 * self.grid_size
dx = (self.width() - (x_max - x_min) * self.grid_size) / 2
shape = self.inner_board.next_tetris.shape
for x, y in self.inner_board.next_tetris.getAbsoluteCoords(0, 0, -y_min):
drawCell(painter, x * self.grid_size + dx, y * self.grid_size + dy, shape, self.grid_size)
'''更新数据'''
def updateData(self):
self.update()4.__init__
'''初始化'''
from .shapes import tetrisShape
from .gameboard import InnerBoard, ExternalBoard, SidePanel
5.README
requirements
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