PMI-PMP®模考一(180题附答案及解析)

1、 [多选] 在项目执行阶段,生产经理要求项目经理包含一项已经证明可以显著提高产量的变更,项目经理首先应该做什么?
During a project’s execution phase,the production manager asks the project manager to incorporate a change that has been proven to significantly increase output.What should the project manager do first?

  •  A : 向变更控制委员会(CCB)提交一份变更请求 Submit a change request to the change control board(CCB)

  •  B :要求生产经理进行成本效益分析 Ask the production manager to conduct a cost-benefit analysis

  •  C :包含提议的变更 Incorporate the proposed change

  •  D :更新变更日志 Update the change log

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P113 章节:4.6 变更流程:变更提出后,先分析影响,再提交含解决措施的变更请求给CCB。 审批前,三步骤:提出变更-分析影响-提交审批

2、 [多选] 根据项目的特点,项目经理建议选择一种敏捷方法,该方法限制团队成员在任何给定时间执行的任务数。此方法还允许团队提高工作过程中问题和瓶颈的可见性。项目经理建议采用以下哪种方法?
Based on the characteristics of the project, the project manager suggests selecting an agile method that limits the number of tasks being worked on by the team members at any given time. This method will also allow the team to increase the visibility of issues and bottlenecks in their work process. Which of the following methods does the project manager suggest?

  •  A : 看板 Kanban

  •  B :Scrum Scrum

  •  C :水晶 Crystal

  •  D :改善 Kaizen

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P103 章节:A3.4 看板方法:通过限制在制品将可以提高工作效率和质量。

3、 [多选] 项目发起人不断要求尽快交付项目。项目经理识别到一个将会让项目延迟一周时间的问题。项目经理应该做什么?
A project sponsor constantly demands that a project is delivered as quickly as possible.The project manager identifies an issue that will delay the project by one week.What should the project manager do?

  •  A :向整个团队发送包含修订后进度计划和预算的更新状态报告 Send an updated report with a revised schedule and budget to the entire team

  •  B :在项目管理计划中记录这项延迟,并与发起人沟通该问题 Document the delay in the project management plan,and communicate it to the sponsor

  •  C : 制定恢复计划以尽量减少影响,并与项目发起人开会讨论该问题 Devise a recovery plan to minimize the impact,and meet with the project sponsor to discuss it

  •  D :请一位主题专家(SME)亲自与项目发起人讨论该问题 Ask a subject matter expert(SME)to personally discuss the issue with the project sponsor

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P110 章节:4.5.2.2 备选方案分析:备选方案分析用于在出现偏差时选择要执行的纠正措施或纠正措施和预防措施的组合。

4、 [多选] 在获取成功完成项目的活动中,项目团队喜欢互动和交流项目执行的故事,此时项目团队处于什么阶段?
In the event of successful completion of the project, the project team likes to interact and exchange project execution stories. What phase is the project team in?

  •  A :震荡阶段 Oscillation phase

  •  B :调整阶段 Adjustment phase

  •  C :成熟阶段 Performing phase

  •  D : 规范阶段 Specification phase

正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P338 章节:9.4 塔克曼阶梯理论: · 形成阶段 · 震荡阶段 · 规范阶段 · 成熟阶段 · 解散阶段 交流项目执行的故事,属于学习相互信任的阶段,因此属于规范。

5、 [多选] 一名新项目经理被任命管理一个正在执行的项目。针对这个项目,三天内将召开一次重要的里程碑核实会议。若要确保相应人员受邀参加会议,项目经理应该怎么做?
A new project manager is appointed to an ongoing project for which an important milestone validation meeting will occur in three days. What should the project manager do to ensure that the appropriate people are invited to this meeting?

  •  A :请求高级管理层提供建议 Ask senior management for recommendations

  •  B :参照以往里程碑核实会议的与会者 Refer to the attendance at previous milestone validation meetings

  •  C :与项目团队讨论该问题 Discuss it with the project team

  •  D : 查看相关方管理计划 Consult the stakeholder management plan

正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P522 章节:13.2.3.1 相关方参与计划:是项目管理计划的组成部分。它确定用于促进相关方有效参与决策和执行的策略和行动。相关方参与计划可包括(但不限于)调动个人或相关方参与的特定策略或方法。 相关方的参与策略在相关方参与计划里。

6、 [多选] 在一个软件开发项目中,开发人员发现一个可以提高速度的新工具。项目经理分析发现这种新工具能够缩短当前开发阶段20%的时间,并节省10%的项目成本。在变更控制委员会批准之后,项目经理修订了项目进度。这属于哪种风险应对类型?
During a software development project, a developer discovers a new tool that could increase development speed. The project manager’s analysis finds implementing the new tool could shorten the current development phase by 20% and save 10% of the project’s cost. After approval from the change control board, the project manager revises the project schedule. What is the type of risk response?

  •  A : 开拓 Exploit

  •  B :接受 Accept

  •  C :增强 Enhance

  •  D :转移 Transfer

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P444 章节:11.5.2.5 开拓:如果组织想确保把握住高优先级的机会,就可以选择开拓策略。此策略将特定机会的出现概率提高到100%,确保其肯定出现,从而获得与其相关的收益。

7、 [多选] 一个在瀑布式项目管理方法方面经验丰富的项目团队被分配到一个敏捷项目中。为了使转换更容易,已经决定保留瀑布方法的一些要素。在迭代审查期间,意识到开发团队之间的误解导致了工作的重复。项目经理如何处理这个问题?
A project team that is experienced in the waterfall project management approach has been assigned to their first agile project. To make the transition easier, it has been decided to keep some elements of the waterfall approach in place. During the iteration review, it was realized that a misunderstanding among the development team has led to a duplication of efforts. How might the project manager address this issue?

  •  A : 在即将到来的迭代回顾中提出该话题 Bring up the topic during the upcoming iteration retrospective

  •  B :什么都不做,因为团队成员正在从瀑布过渡到敏捷 Do nothing since the team members are transitioning from waterfall to agile

  •  C :弹回到瀑布项目管理框架 Fallback to a waterfall project management framework going forward

  •  D :提交变更请求以更新沟通管理计划 Submit a change request to update the communications management plan

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P50 章节:5.2.1 回顾总结会:回顾是最重要的一个实践,原因是它能让团队学习、改进和调整其过程。 迭代审查会过后,将发现的问题在后续的回顾总结会提出来。

8、 [多选] 项目团队由前军事和非军事小组成员组成。没有军事背景的团队成员认为前军事团队成员在他们的项目方法中过于结构化和僵化。前军事成员认为其他团队成员更随意的方式表明他们对该项目不太投入。什么样的工具或技术对项目经理和团队成员进行有效沟通最有用?
A project team is comprised of former military and non-military team members. The team members without a military background view the former military team members as overly structured and rigid in their approach to the project. The former military members view the other team members’ more casual approach as an indication that they are less committed to the project. What tool or technique will be the most useful for the project manager and the team members to communicate effectively?

  •  A :政治意识 Political awareness

  •  B :团队章程 Team charter

  •  C :冲突管理 Conflict management

  •  D : 文化意识 Cultural awareness

正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P376 章节:10.1.2.6 文化意识:具有文化意识并采取后续行动,能够最小化因项目相关方社区内的文化差异而导致的理解错误和沟通错误。文化意识和文化敏感性有助于项目经理依据相关方和团队成员的文化差异和文化需求对沟通进行规划。 军事背景和非军事背景人员有巨大的文化差异。

9、 [多选] 项目落后于进度。项目团队发现,通过应用一个替代方法,他们可以加快关键路径上的一个项目可交付成果。然而,这将增加项目成本。项目经理应该怎么做?
A project is behind schedule. The project team discovers that, by applying an alternate method, they may be able to expedite a project deliverable on the critical path. However, it will increase the project’s cost. What should the project manager do?

  •  A :增加额外的项目资源 .Add additional project resources

  •  B :对所有方法开展预期货币价值分析(EMV) Conduct expected monetary value (EMV) analyses on all methods

  •  C : 获得替代方法的批准 Obtain approval for the alternate method

  •  D :将增加的成本更新到项目预算中 Update the project budget with the increased cost

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P113 章节:4.6 变更流程:变更提出后,先分析影响,再提交含解决措施的变更请求给CCB。 审批前,三步骤:提出变更-分析影响-提交审批

10、 [多选] 项目团队成员因杰出工作和满足项目成本目标而获得奖励,高级经理向项目经理确认谁可以获得奖励,项目经理可以在哪里获得此奖励的定义标准和频率?
The project team members are rewarded for outstanding work and meeting project cost objectives. The senior manager confirms to the project manager who can get the reward. Where can the project manager get the definition criteria and frequency of this award?

  •  A :责任分配矩阵(RAM) Responsibility assignment Matrix (RAM)

  •  B :项目管理计划 Project management plan

  •  C :人员解散计划 Personnel dissolution plan

  •  D : 资源管理计划 Resources management plan

正确答案:D 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P319 章节:9.1.3.1 资源管理计划:认可计划。将给予团队成员哪些认可和奖励,以及何时给予。 奖励的频率和标准在资源管理计划里。

11、 [多选] 新任命的项目经理获悉,相关方对已识别的项目问题和风险非常担心,他们对超过一个月时间里没有任何沟通表示不满。新项目经理应该怎么做?
The newly appointed project manager was informed that the stakeholders were very worried about the identified project issues and risks. They were dissatisfied with no communication for more than a month. What should the new project manager do?

  •  A :实施现有沟通管理计划和相关方参与计划 Implement the existing communication management plan and stakeholder management plan

  •  B :更新现有沟通管理计划和相关方参与计划,并立即向相关方提供有关问题和风险 Update the existing communication management plan and stakeholder management plan and immediately provide stakeholders with relevant issues and risks

  •  C :与相关方开会以确定沟通所需的频率,然后立即向他们提供有关这些问题和风险 Meet with stakeholders to determine the frequency of communication needed, and then immediately provide them with these issues and risks

  •  D : 与关键相关方开会,然后更新沟通管理计划和相关方参与计划 Meet with key stakeholders and then update the communication management plan and stakeholder management plan

正确答案:D 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P528 章节:13.3.2.5 会议:会议用于讨论和处理任何与相关方参与有关的问题或关注点。 · 问题解决; · 经验教训和回顾总结; · 项目开工; 管理相关方参与需要尽可能当面与其沟通并达成一致

12、 [多选] 作为制定进度计划过程的一部分,项目经理使用甘特图创建项目进度计划。三个Scrum团队将开发项目的可交付成果。由于依赖关系,团队将需要通过每周两次的延长的站会来协调他们的工作。项目经理接下来应该做什么?
As part of the Develop Schedule process, the project manager creates the project schedule using a Gantt chart. Three Scrum teams will develop the project deliverables. Due to dependencies, the teams will be required to coordinate their work twice a week using extended standup meetings. What should the project manager do next?

  •  A :提交将甘特图表切换到燃尽图表的变更请求 Submit a change request to switch the Gantt chart to burndown chart

  •  B : 在项目进度计划中包含Scrum of Scrums(SoS)会议 Include Scrum of Scrums (SoS) meetings in the project schedule

  •  C :使进度赶工以消除团队之间的依赖关系 Crash the schedule to eliminate the dependencies between the teams

  •  D :在项目进度计划中反映团队的实际速度 Reflect the actual velocity of the teams in the project schedule

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P111 章节:A3.10 Scrum of Scrums:是由多个 Scrum 团队而不是一个大型 Scrum 团队所使用的一种技术,每个团队包含三到九名成员来协调其工作。每个团队的代表会与其他团队代表定期召开会议,每日例会,或是一周两次或三次。其目标是确保团队协调工作并清除障碍,以优化所有团队的效率。 有依赖关系的Scrum团队,需要开SoS会议来优化效率。

13、 [多选] 在当前冲刺期间,产品负责人的可用性受到了其他承诺的限制。在每日站会上,团队成员抱怨他们不能从产品负责人那里得到答案,结果,产品增量的开发被延迟。对于scrum master来说,最好的行动方案是什么?
During the current sprint, the product owner’s availability has been limited due to other commitments. At the daily standup, the team members complain that they cannot get answers from the product owner, and, as a result, the development of the product increment is delayed. What is the best course of action for the scrum master?

  •  A :让高级开发人员做出产品决策 Let the senior developers make the product decisions

  •  B : 代表团队成员联系产品负责人 Contact the product owner on behalf of the team members

  •  C :在冲刺审查期间提及可用性问题 Mention the availability issue during the sprint review

  •  D :在冲刺回顾中讨论可用性问题 Discuss the availability issue at the sprint retrospective

正确答案:B 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:捷实践指南 页码:41 章节:4.3.2 产品负责人Product Owner ·创建待办列表并排序 ·确认工作优先顺序 ·提供反馈 ·指导开发方向 PO的角色必不可少,因此需要与PO讨论让他参加项目。

14、 [多选] 项目的客户告诉项目经理他已经没钱了,不能再支付该项目。项目经理应该首先做什么?
The customer on a project tells the project manager he has run out of money to pay for the project. What should the project manager do FIRST?

  •  A :推迟进度中的多数项目工作,以给客户时间去寻找资金 Shift more of the work to later in the schedule to allow time for the customer to get the funds

  •  B : 进入行政收尾 Enter administrative closure

  •  C :停止工作 Stop work

  •  D :解散一部分项目团队 Release part of the project team

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P127 章节:4.7.3.4 收尾流程:如果项目在完工前提前终止,则需要在正式的收尾文件中说明项目终止的原因,并规定正式程序,把该项目的已完成和未完成的可交付成果移交他人。 项目中止,项目经理正常安排收尾,调查原因并总结经验教训。

15、 [多选] 你被指派领导一个敏捷项目。项目团队由经验丰富的敏捷实践者组成,他们在一起工作了很长时间。在这个敏捷的环境中,对你来说管理项目整合的最佳方法是什么?
You have been assigned to lead an agile project. The project team is comprised of experienced agile practitioners who have been working together for a long time. In this agile environment, what is the best approach for you to take to manage project integration?

  •  A :制定整合所有项目活动的项目管理计划 Develop the project management plan that integrates all project activities

  •  B : 让团队确定如何整合计划和组件 Let the team determine how plans and components should be integrated

  •  C :寻求批准聘请外部项目整合管理专家 Seek approval to hire an external project integration management expert

  •  D :在敏捷环境中,项目整合管理不适用 In agile environments, project integration management is not applicable

正确答案:B 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P74 章节:4 在敏捷或适应型环境中需要考虑的因素 在适应型环境下,整合管理的核心概念中所述的对项目经理的期望不变,但是把对具体的产品的规划和交付授权给团队来控制。 在成熟的敏捷环境里,项目经理是仆人式领导的角色,很多决定让自组织成员去做。

16、 [多选] 项目经理正在制定一个关键项目的资源管理计划,该项目涉及位于不同国家具有不同文化的资源,下列哪一项将帮助项目经理处理这种情况?
The project manager is developing the resources management plan for a key project that involves different culture resources in different countries. Which of the following will help the project manager deal with this situation?

  •  A :团队建设活动 Team building activities

  •  B : 事业环境因素 Business environment factors

  •  C :人际关系技能 Interpersonal skills

  •  D :虚拟团队 Virtual team

正确答案:B 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P315 章节:9.1.1.4 事业环境因素 组织文化和结构; · 设施和资源的地理分布; · 现有资源的能力和可用性; · 市场条件。 只有B是规划资源管理的输入或工具。

17、 [多选] 由于组织结构的变化,相关方A承担了新的责任,并已经从指导管理委员会辞职. 相关方A替代者相关方B,提出与项目商业利益有关的问题. 项目经理首先应该怎么做?
As a result of changes in an organization’s structure,stakeholder A takes on new responsibilities and steps down from the steering committee . stakeholder A’s replacement,stakeholder B, raises issues regarding the project’s business benefits. What should the project manager do first?

  •  A :在问题登记册中记录该问题,并更新项目利益 Document the issue in the issue log and update the project benefits.

  •  B :更新项目管理计划 Update the project management plan

  •  C :与相关方会面,包括项目发起人 Meet with the stakeholders,including the project sponsor

  •  D : 更新相关方登记册,并参考相关方管理策略 Update the stakeholder register and refer to the stakeholder management strategy

正确答案:D 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P505 章节:13 识别相关方的迭代性: · 项目进入其生命周期的不同阶段; · 当前相关方不再与项目工作有关,或者在项目的相关方社区中出现了新的相关方成员; · 组织内部的相关方社区发生重大变化。 出现以上三点情况时要重新识别相关方,并更新相关方登记册

18、 [多选] 公司聘请一名项目经理来管理一个小型高端项目,如果这个项目成功,将会为公司带来额外的合作。有效的收尾过程是项目成功的关键因素。为确保成功,项目经理必须产生什么可交付成果?
The company hired a project manager to manage a small high-end project. If the project is successful, it will bring additional cooperation for the company. The effective closing process is a key factor in the success of the project. What deliverables must be generated by the project manager to ensure success?

  •  A : 验收文件 Acceptance documents

  •  B :储备分析 Reserve analysis

  •  C :进度报告 Progress report

  •  D :采购审计 Procurement audit

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P121 章节:4.7 收尾流程:收尾的第一步是完成项目的验收

9、 [多选] 一名积极参与产品规划的主管要求全部的可交付成果提高产量,该主管的权力利益水平分类是哪一项?
A supervisor who is actively involved in product planning requires all deliverables to increase production. What is the classification of the supervisor’s rights and interests?

  •  A :监督 Monitor

  •  B :令其满意 Make it satisfied

  •  C : 紧密关注 Pay close attention

  •  D :令其知悉 Make it known

正确答案:C 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P512 章节:13.1.2.4 权力利益方格:基于相关方的职权级别(权力)、对项目成果的关心程度(利益)、对项目成果的影响能力(影响),或改变项目计划或执行的能力,每一种方格都可用于对相关方进行分类。 权力高、利益高,需要重点管理。

20、 [多选] 项目经理注意到一位团队成员在团队会议期间似乎越来越不满。该团队成员没有在关键的工作包上取得进展,这种进展的缺乏现在正在影响关键路径。团队成员认为他们在项目团队中没有扮演正确的角色。项目经理应该做什么?
A project manager notices that one team member seems increasingly unhappy during team meetings. The team member is not making progress on a key work package, and this lack of progress is now impacting the critical path. The team member feels that they are not in the correct role within the project team. What should the project manager do?

  •  A :让团队成员相信他们的能力,提醒他们被选中是有原因的。 Reassure the team member about their abilities by reminding them that they were chosen for a reason.

  •  B : 与团队成员会面,基于他们的优势而讨论他们可以如何做出贡献。 Meet with the team member to discuss where they can contribute, based on their strengths.

  •  C :让团队成员接受有针对性的培训,以获得他们所指定角色所需的技能。 Enroll the team member in targeted training to acquire the needed skills for their assigned role.

  •  D :安排与团队成员的每周触点,以讨论可能影响他们工作的障碍。 Schedule weekly touchpoints with the team member to discuss barriers that may impact their work.

正确答案:B 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P346 章节:9.5 管理团队:项目经理应该向团队成员分配富有挑战性的任务,对优秀绩效进行表彰。项目经理应留意团队成员是否有意愿和能力完成工作,然后相应地调整管理和领导力方式。相对那些已展现出能力和有经验的团队成员,技术能力较低的团队成员更需要强化监督。 排除法 A:提醒意义不大;B:帮助其找到角色;C:非技能问题 D:非障碍问题

21、 [多选] 由于一台设备设计规格中的某一项被忽略了而导致项目延期,而赶制此项需要更长的交货期。为避免这种情况的发生,项目经理在项目规划期间应完成下列哪一项?
A project is delayed because one item in the equipment specification has been ignored. It will require a longer lead time to catch up. To avoid this situation, the project manager should have done which of the following in project planning?

  •  A :制定应急计划 prepare a contingency plan

  •  B :选择更为可靠的供应商 select a more reliable supplier

  •  C : 在识别风险过程上花费更多的努力 spend more efforts on the process of risk identification

  •  D :确保该项不在关键路径上 ensure that the item is a not on the critical path

正确答案:C 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P411 章节:11.2.1.1 质量管理计划:质量管理计划可能列出了受不确定性或模糊性影响的一些领域,或者关键假设可能引发风险的一些领域。 为了避免,要选择在更早的一些过程。风险识别不足会导致绩效偏差。

22、 [多选] 在新项目的相关方会议中,项目经理发现一名相关方对项目有抵触。项目经理记录该情况,并对该相关方的参与程度评级。项目经理使用了哪项工具或技术来为相关方的参与程度评级?
During a new project’s stakeholder meeting, the project manager discovers that one stakeholder is resistant to the project. The project manager notes this, and rates the stakeholder engagement level. What tool or technique did the project manager use to rate this stakeholder’s engagement level?

  •  A : 相关方参与度评估矩阵 Stakeholder Engagement Assessment Matrix

  •  B :风险概率和影响评级 Risk probability and impact assessment

  •  C :人际关系技巧 Interpersonal skills

  •  D :专家判断 Expert judgment

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P521 章节:13.2.2.5 相关方参与度评估矩阵 ·不了解型。不知道项目 ·抵制型。知道项目,但抵制 ·中立型。了解项目,但既不支持,也不反对。 ·支持型。了解项目,会支持领导型。了解项目,而且积极参与以确保目取得成功。 相关方参与度评估矩阵给相关方的参与程度评级。

23、 [多选] 在项目的第一个阶段发布给客户的最新软件充满了缺陷。客户很生气,并要求计划在第二阶段交付的新版本的开发过程更加透明。客户希望更有规律地看到团队的结果,而不需要很长的开发间隔。 项目团队可以在第二阶段引入下列哪项来更好地满足客户的要求? (选择四个)
The latest software released to the customer in the first project phase is full of defects. The customer is angry and demands that the development of the new release, which is planned to be delivered in the second phase, is much more transparent. The customer wants to see the team’s results more regularly and without very long development intervals in-between. Which of the following could the project team introduce in the second phase to better comply with the customer’s demand? (Choose four)

  •  A : 有规律时间框的节奏 A cadence with regular timeboxes

  •  B : 定期和频繁的回顾 Regular and frequent retrospectives

  •  C :在每个团队成员的层次上进行优化 Optimization at the level of each individual team member

  •  D : 测试驱动的开发实践 Test-driven development practices

  •  E : 使用待办事项列表进行增量交付 Incremental delivery using a backlog

  •  F :在软件发布之前限制更改的数量 Limiting the number of changes before the software is released

正确答案:A,B,D,E 你的答案:A,B,D,E

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P9 章节:2.2 敏捷的12条原则 排除法 C:敏捷注重团队协作,而非单兵作战 F:敏捷拥抱变化

24、 [多选] 一个敏捷团队正在努力实现一个积极的发布目标。scrum master最近注意到,其中一位开发人员的表现下降了,而且她参加小组讨论的次数似乎减少了。scrum master应该做什么?
An agile team is working to meet an aggressive release goal. The scrum master has recently noticed that the performance of one of the developers has dropped and the developer seems to be participating less in group discussions. What should the scrum master do?

  •  A :要求其余团队成员完成此开发人员的工作量 Request the rest of the team members to backfill the workload of the developer

  •  B :在冲刺回顾会议上讨论开发人员的绩效问题 Discuss the developer’s performance issues at the sprint retrospective meeting

  •  C : 私下与开发人员会面,并尝试确定激发他们动机的因素 Meet with the developer privately and try to determine what motivates them

  •  D :寻找替代者,因为敏捷团队需要最好的人才 Look for a replacement because agile teams require the best talent available

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P38 章节:4.3 仆人式领导:要善于激励项目人员,为他们提供所需的环境和支持,信任他们能够完成工作。 项目经理要激励成员,并提供支持。

25、 [多选] 项目经理发展团队会议由于主导讨论的人迟到而中断。若要提高团队会议的效率,项目经理应怎么做?
Project Manager Development Team meeting was cancelled due to the person leading the discussion being late. To improve the effectiveness of team meetings, what should the project manager do?

  •  A :使用专业引导师。 Use a professional facilitator

  •  B :认可按时到达的团队成员。 Recognize team members who arrive on time.

  •  C : 为团队会议设定基本规则。 Set ground rules for team meetings.

  •  D :开展团队建设活动。 Conduct team-building exercises.

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P319 章节:9.1.3.2 团队章程:是为团队创建团队价值观、共识和工作指南的文件。 · 团队价值观; · 沟通指南; · 决策标准和过程; · 冲突处理过程; · 会议指南; · 团队共识。 需要有团队的基本规则,来确定团队的纪律。

26、 [多选] 项目经理发现一个不可预料的高影响风险已经成为项目的一个因素,团队成员之间的自身利益导致问题得不到解决,项目经理必须快速行动,让团队重新集中精力,以便项目恢复进度,项目经理应该使用下列哪一项技术来解决问题?The project manager discovers an unpredictable high-impact risk has become a factor in the project. Self-interest among team members is keeping the issue from being reached. The project manager must act quickly to refocus the team and get the project on tack. which of following techniques should the project manager use to resolve the issue?

  •  A :妥协Compromise

  •  B :合作Collaborate

  •  C : 强迫Force

  •  D :包容 Accommodate

正确答案:C 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P349 章节:9.5.2.1 强迫/命令:以牺牲其他方为代价,推行某一方的观点;只提供赢 — 输方案。通常是利用权力来强行解决紧急问题,这种方法通常会导致“赢输”局面。 紧急问题,用强迫来解决。

27、 [多选] 一个敏捷团队的任务是开发一款机器人。项目经理希望确保在机器人被实际建造之前,团队能够收到关于需求的早期反馈并相应地调整设计。项目经理应该使用以下哪一项来实现这个目标?
An agile team is tasked with the development of a robot. The project manager wants to ensure that before the actual robot is built, the team receives early feedback on requirements and adapts the design accordingly. Which of the following should the project manager use to achieve that goal?

  •  A : 原型设计 Prototyping

  •  B :设计审查 Design review

  •  C :核对单 Checklists

  •  D :商业论证 Business case

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P21 章节:3.1.2 迭代型生命周期通过连续的原型或概念验证来改进产品或成果。每一个新的原型都能带来新的相关方新的反馈和团队见解。 题目中明确提到需要反馈,因此原型法比较好用。

28、 [多选] 在迭代期间,项目团队会遇到可能导致任务完成延迟的问题。同一项目中的另一个团队需要按时完成任务,以满足他们的计划。项目经理如何解决这个问题?
During an iteration, a project team encounters problems that may cause a delay in task completion. Another team within the same project needs the task to be completed on time in order to meet their schedule. What can the project manager do to resolve this problem?

  •  A :坚持让项目团队稍微努力一点以便按时完成,以免耽误其他团队的工作。 Insist that the project team work a bit harder to complete on time, in order to avoid delaying the work of other teams.

  •  B : 与产品负责人合作,重新确定迭代待办事项列表的优先级,以免耽误其他团队的工作。 Work with the product owner to reprioritize the iteration backlog, so that it does not delay work by other teams.

  •  C :增加迭代的长度,并向项目团队添加额外的资源,这样他们就可以在适当的最后期限前完成任务。 Increase the iteration length, and add additional resources to the project team, so that they can meet the appropriate deadlines.

  •  D :要求团队成员在迭代过程中尽其所能,并在迭代完成后进行回顾。 Ask team members to perform to the best of their abilities during the iteration, and engage in a retrospective after completion of the iteration.

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:41 章节:4.3.2 产品负责人Product Owner: · 创建待办列表并排序 · 确认工作优先顺序 · 提供反馈 · 指导开发方向 目前来看有问题,最好的方法是重新排序待办列表,以规避问题。

29、 [多选] 项目经理正在考虑项目风险和制约因素,然后组织了一次与高级员工召开的头脑风暴,了解当前流程,项目经理向部门经理讲述了业务影响相关问题,并审查了风险和制约的因素,在咨询信息技术部门的一名方案架构师的意见后,项目经理要求获得输入和评估。项目经理使用的是哪种工具和技术?
A project manager look at the project’s risk and constrains and then organizes a brainstorming session with senior staff to understand the current processes. The project manager speaks with department managers regarding business impacts ,and reviews risks and constraints. Consulting with a solution architect in the information technology department ,the project manager asks for inputs and assessments. What tool and technique is the project manager using?

  •  A :风险登记册模板 Risk register template

  •  B : 专家判断 Expert judgment

  •  C :组织过程资产 Organizational process assets

  •  D :外部分析 External analysis

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P414 章节:11.2.2.1 专家判断:应考虑了解类似项目或业务领域的个人或小组的专业意见。项目经理应该选择相关专家,邀请他们根据以往经验和专业知识来考虑单个项目风险的方方面面,以及整体项目风险的各种来源。 咨询专家后得出进一步的工作方向,是典型的专家判断。

30、 [多选] 你审查了项目的WBS,意识到由于缺乏内部专业知识,一些可交付成果需要外包给供应商。然而,这些可交付成果的需求目前还没有被很好地理解。因此,你决定需要使用敏捷框架来管理外包的工作部分。在与供应商谈判协议时,你最好的方法是什么?
You review the WBS of your project and realize that due to the lack of in-house expertise, some of the deliverables will need to be outsourced to a vendor. However, the requirements for these deliverables are not well-understood at the moment. Therefore, you decide that the outsourced portion of work will need to be managed using an agile framework. What is your best approach in negotiating an agreement with the vendor?

  •  A :寻求非正式协议而不是正式合同 Seek an informal agreement rather than a formal contract

  •  B :为外包范围争取总价合同 Secure a fixed-price contract for the outsourced scope

  •  C :积极谈判最有利的条件 Negotiate aggressively for the most advantageous terms

  •  D : 追求共享风险-回报合同关系 Pursue a shared-risk-reward contract relationships

正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P8 章节:2.2 敏捷宣言 我们正在通过亲自开发和帮助他人开发,发现开发软件的更好方法。通过这项工作,我们开始更重视∶ · 个体以及互动而不是过程和工具 · 可用的软件而不是完整的文档 · 客户合作而不是合同谈判 · 应对变更而不是遵循计划 也就是说,尽管右项有其价值,但我们更重视左栏中的项目。

31、 [多选] 敏捷项目团队的成员都在一个开放的办公空间中工作。一天中有许多谈话同时发生。下列哪一项是项目经理的最佳选择?
The agile project team members are all working in an open office space arrangement. There are many conversations happening concurrently throughout the day. Which of the following is the best option for the project manager?

  •  A : 安排频繁的团队检查点并以透明的方式发布项目工件 Schedule frequent team checkpoints and post project artifacts in a transparent fashion

  •  B :要求团队成员将谈话推迟到正式会议时间 Request team members to hold off their conversations until formal meeting times

  •  C :记录对话并发布在共享知识库中 Record the conversations and post them in a shared repository

  •  D :将下午指定为安静的工作时间 Designate afternoons as quiet work times

正确答案:A 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P12 章节:2.3 精益和看板方法 敏捷、精益和看板方法共同的重点在于交付价值、尊重人、减少浪费、透明化、适应变更以及持续改善等方面。 敏捷团队使用信息发射源来确保工作的透明化。

32、 [多选] 敏捷团队正试图确定理想的迭代长度。团队成员对此进行了长时间的激烈争论,但没有人愿意妥协。scrum master被召来帮助解决冲突。对于scrum master来说,最好的行动方案是什么?
An agile team is trying to determine the ideal iteration length. The team members are having a long and intense argument about it, but no one is willing to compromise. The scrum master is called in to help resolve the conflict. What is the best course of action for a scrum master?

  •  A :避免参与过程并让团队达成共识 Avoid being involved in the process and let the team work out toward a consensus

  •  B : 建议评估每个建议的迭代长度的优缺点 Recommend evaluating the pros and cons of each one of the suggested iteration lengths

  •  C :如果团队无法达成协议,以纪律处分威胁他们 Threaten the team with disciplinary actions if they are unable to come to an agreement

  •  D :在关系受损之前为团队做决定,从而打破僵局 Break the impasse by making the decision for the team before relationships are damaged

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P34 章节:4.2.1 仆人式领导的职责:仆人式领导通过管理关系,在团队内和组织中建立沟通与协作。这些关系可以帮助领导在组织中得心应手地为团队提供支持。 仆人式领导促进协作沟通,ACD都是在避免、强迫团队。

33、 [多选] 敏捷团队正在监视项目进度计划的状态。他们可能会使用哪些工具?(选择两项)
An agile team is monitoring the status of the project schedule. What tools will they likely use? (Choose 2)

  •  A : 燃起图 Burnup Chart

  •  B :网络图 Network Diagram

  •  C :帕累托图 Pareto Chart

  •  D : 燃尽图 Burndown Chart

  •  E :鱼骨图 Fishbone diagram

正确答案:A,D 你的答案:A,D

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P62 章节:5.4.1 燃尽图&燃起图:某些基于迭代的项目使用燃尽图查看项目随时间的进展情况,某些团队更喜欢燃起图。 两张图除了方向,本质上没有差别。

34、 [多选] 离完成分配的任务只剩 30 天时,一名项目团队成员离开公司。可惜的是,没有可用的替代资源。项目经理在项目进度计划中包含一个应急储备金。为了计算剩余的应急储备金,项目经理应该使用什么技术?
From the completion of assigned tasks only 30 days, a project team members leave the company. Unfortunately, there is no available alternative resources. Project manager includes a contingency reserve in the project schedule. In order to calculate the remaining contingency reserve, the project manager should use what technology?

  •  A :风险审计 risk audit

  •  B :趋势分析 trend analysis

  •  C : 储备分析 Reserves analysis

  •  D :技术绩效衡量 Technical performance measurement

正确答案:C 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P456 章节:11.7.2.1 储备分析:在整个项目执行期间,可能发生某些单个项目风险,对预算和进度应急储备产生正面或负面的影响。储备分析是指在项目的任一时点比较剩余应急储备与剩余风险量,从而确定剩余储备是否仍然合理。 题干中有明确说明计算储备金,明显是在做储备分析。

35、 [多选] 为了使新确定的相关方尽早参与项目,scrum master建议邀请他们参加即将举行的冲刺审查会议,以向相关方证明团队正在朝着正确的方向发展,并从相关方那里获得有关团队工作完成情况的反馈。以下哪个是邀请相关方参加本次会议的另一个原因?
To engage the newly identified stakeholders in the project at the earliest opportunity, the scrum master suggests inviting them to the upcoming sprint review meeting to demonstrate to the stakeholders that the team is moving in the right direction and get feedback from the stakeholders about what the team has accomplished. Which of the following is another reason for inviting the stakeholders to this meeting?

  •  A :反思团队绩效 To reflect on the team performance

  •  B :为下次冲刺确定高风险用户故事的优先级 To prioritize high-risk user stories for the next sprint

  •  C :重新确定发布待办事项列表优先级 To reprioritize the release backlog

  •  D : 讨论下次冲刺的高级别计划 To discuss the high-level plans for the next sprint

正确答案:D 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P55 章节:5.2.5 展示/评审:当团队以用户故事的形式完成特定功能时,团队会定期展示工作产品。看过展示后,产品负责人接受或拒绝故事。 冲刺评审会议的结果是一份修订的产品待办列表,确定很可能进入下个冲刺的产品代办列表。

36、 [多选] 项目经理在执行一个资源有限,期限严格的项目。需要注意的是,该项目目前落后于进度。德国的审查显示,一名资源被过度分配,项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
The project manager is implementing an attractive project with limited resources and strict deadlines. The project is currently lagging behind the schedule. The German review shows that a resource is over-allocated. What should the project manager do next?

  •  A :重新分配来自另一个项目不必要的资源 Redistribute unnecessary resources from another project

  •  B :为延迟的任务增加资源,并再次执行资源平衡 Increase resources for deferred tasks and execute resource leveling again

  •  C :提出一项变更请求,以减少范围 Make a change request to reduce the scope

  •  D : 计算关键路径以确定对项目的影响,并重新分配资源 Calculate critical path to determine the impact on the project and redistribute resources

正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码ÿ

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